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Automated voice calls play a recorded message to thousands of phones at once, placed by an outbound dialer. How a bulk voice campaign runs, the TRAI rules for auto dialers and robo-calls, when voice beats SMS, and how calls are charged.

An SMS gateway delivers business SMS to mobile networks; an SMS API is how your app uses it. The five stages one message passes through in India, the DLT rules, HTTP vs SMPP, SMS length limits and how to choose a provider.

A WhatsApp chatbot is not a feature you switch on inside WhatsApp. It is four stages of message flow, two of which belong to Meta, and a 24-hour clock that decides what your bot is allowed to say. Here is the mechanism, before anyone sells you one.

A WhatsApp catalogue takes ten minutes to create. What catches businesses out is what comes after: the review queue, the rejections under Meta’s Commerce Policy, and the point where maintaining it by hand stops being possible.

Bulk WhatsApp messages are sent through the WhatsApp Business API, not the WhatsApp Business app, whose free broadcast lists stop at 256 saved contacts. The API’s daily limits, connecting your own CRM, what it costs, and why unofficial tools get numbers banned.

WhatsApp API integration links WhatsApp to the software you already run, so order, payment and booking messages send themselves. Why you need it, why a website is required, and what it is used for.

RCS messages split into two types by intent: transactional messages the customer is expecting, and promotional messages that prompt an action. Compare both, plus the four capability tiers, with a decision tree for Indian businesses.

Yes, the WhatsApp Business app handles personal chats exactly like WhatsApp Messenger. The real constraints are the single-number rule and what your profile reveals.

A chatbot follows a script; an AI agent follows a goal. Compared on cost, control and failure modes, with Meta Business Agent as a third option, and a decision test you can run in an afternoon.

Migration from SMS OTP to WhatsApp OTP: the seven ways SMS fails silently in India, what WhatsApp fixes, and how businesses benefit after the switch.